Parts of the Speech in Spanish. A fortunate coincidence.

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Parts of the Speech.

In order to understand what are the parts of the speech, we must refresh the concept most basic: sentence, which is the same in Spanish and English:




A sentence or speech is a group of words which expresses a complete thought and must contain, at least, a subject and a verb.

According to the English and Spanish Grammars, the parts of the speech can be nine and their basic definitions, which are also the same for both languages, are:

  • Noun: Who executes or receives action.
  • Pronoun: Word that replaces the noun.
  • Verb: Word that describes the action.
  • Adjective: Word that characterizes the noun.
  • Adverb: Word that characterizes the verb, adjective or another adverb.
  • Preposition: Word that helps relate nouns, verbs or phrases.
  • Conjunction: Word that links nouns, sentences or phrases.
  • Interjection: Word expressing some kind of feeling or emotion.
  • Article: Word that in both, English and Spanish, is used to define a noun as determinate or indeterminate. In Spanish, it is additionally used to specify gender and noun number.

parts of the speech

Examples of each part of the speech:

Each of these parts of the sentence and its rules of use are explained in detail in our corresponding Publications, but as examples to better understand their role in syntax, for both languages, we present the following Table:



Parts of the Speech / Partes de la Oración
Noun/Nombre Peter/Pedro, dog/perro, house/casa, stone/piedra, boy/niño, Mary/María
Pronoun/Pronombre I/Yo, He/El, She/Ella, We/Nosotros, You/Ustedes, They/Ellos(as), You/
Verb/Verbo speak/hablar, read/leer, write/escribir, run/correr, walk/caminar, sing/cantar
Adjective/Adjetivo big/grande, small/pequeño, pretty/linda, tall/largo, strong/fuerte, fast/rápido, well/bien
Adverb/Adverbio almost/casi, far/lejos, really/realmente, rhythmically/rítmicamente, very/muy
Preposition/Preposición since/desde, between/entre, until/hasta, in/en, over/sobre, without/sin
Conjunction/Conjunción because/porque, nor/ni, for/para, but/pero, or/o, so/tan, while/mientras, and/y
Interjection/Interjección yeah!/¡si!, hey!/¡oye!, ouch!/¡ay!, hello!/¡hola!, yummy!/¡ñamm!, wow!/¡guao!
Article/Artículo a(an)/un;una;unos;unas

the/el;la;lo;las;los

Notes:

  • There are countless of interjections in both languages, but by its feature of being an expression associated to emotions, many of themparts of the speech are common to the English, the Spanish and to all the others languages.
  • The articles are a subject that deserves special attention since they represent one of the most notable differences between the English and the Spanish from the point of view of the grammatical syntax.

Building a Sentence.

An example of the concepts seen in the parts of the sentence and its uses is as follows:

Mary has sung

María ha cantado

Basic Sentence

Noun + Verb

Mary and You have sung

María y Tu han cantado

Adding an Conjunction and a Pronoun

and/y, You/Tu

Mary and You have sung a romantic song

María y Tu han cantado una canción romántica

Adding an Article, an Adjective and a Noun

a/una, romantic/romántica, song/canción

Mary and You have sung a romantic song, wonderfully

María y Tu han cantado una canción romántica, maravillosamente

Adding an Adverb

Wonderfully/maravillosamente

Wow!, Mary and You have sung a romantic song, wonderfully, without rehearse

¡Guao!, María y Tu han cantado una canción romántica, maravillosamente, sin ensayar

Adding an Interjection, a Preposition and a Verb

Wow/Guao, without/sin, rehearse/ensayar

parts of the speech

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Written By Alberto Otano

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